Ron Colone: Notes on a super, blue blood moon

A supermoon over Auckland taken on December 3 by Stardome educator Josh Kirkley

A supermoon over Auckland taken on December 3 by Stardome educator Josh Kirkley

January 31's supermoon, according to NASA, will also feature a total lunar eclipse in parts of the country - when the Earth, sun and moon, line up in such a way that the Earth blocks the sunlight that would otherwise reflect off the moon.

The term "blue moon" refers to the second full moon in a single month.

A "blood moon" happens when Earth's moon is in full eclipse. These are summed up and as a result every two or three years we have an extra moon.

The last lunar eclipse (a partial eclipse) was on August 7, 2017.

Finally, a supermoon occurs when the full moon is at the closest point of its orbit to the Earth, which is also called the perigee.

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Red Moon During the total eclipse the moon will be dark but visible, gradually turning brown or possibly orange or red, as sunlight from all the world's sunrises and sunsets is scattered by Earth's atmosphere, hits the moon, and is reflected back to your eyes. For the rest of North America, the eclipse will still be in progress when the moon sets.

July 16, 2019: Partial eclipse. Earth passes in between the moon and the sun and cuts off the sunlight, causing an eclipse.

"Weather permitting, the West Coast, Alaska and Hawaii will have a spectacular view of totality from start to finish", said Gordon Johnston, program executive and lunar blogger at NASA Headquarters in Washington. The sun is behind the earth, so the sun's light casts earth's shadow on the moon. "Then the moon will be fully visible once again". Some call this a "blood moon", so for parts of the Earth, it'll be a "super blue blood moon".

To commemorate the rare occasion, many mass moon watching programmes are being organised across the state, including the Regional Science Centre and Planetarium, Kozhikode. The moon is slowly drifting away from our planet (at roughly 1.6 inches or 4 centimeters a year) and this situation won't persist forever.

With two full moons in January and two coming in March, that means no full moons in February, an occurrence that happens once every 19 years, making it far more rare than a blue moon.

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