Ancient Asteroid Suggests Gas Giants Once Roved the Solar System Like Unhinged Drunks
The report suggests that the asteroid may have originated in the interior of our solar system, in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter, and was then expelled billions of miles away.
Astronomers suspect the 300km-long object was formed in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter before being ejected into the outer reaches of the solar system.
One of the most widely accepted models of the Solar System's early evolution is the Nice model - named after Nice in France where the model was developed.
It's too early to say precisely how many of these misplaced asteroids may be lurking in the Kuiper Belt-but given how 2004 EW95 looks compared to its neighbors, there's nearly certainly at least one. Models of the early solar system are often chaotic, with planets and other bodies getting flung around before things settled into steadier orbits, and the best explanation for this lonely carbon asteroid is that it was launched out there during this primordial chaos. The presence of these materials had never before been confirmed in a KBO, and they strongly suggest that 2004 EW95 formed in the inner Solar System.
However, despite detecting several space objects in the Kuiper Belt, the theory wasn't proven until the carbon-rich chunk 2004 EW95 was observed and analyzed.
Using the X-Shooter and FOR52 instruments from the Very Large Telescope, they were able to obtain detailed measurements of the pattern of light being reflected which allowed them to come up with the asteroid's composition.
An global team of astronomers has found that a small Kuiper Belt object called 2004 EW95 is a carbonaceous (carbon-rich) asteroid - the first of its kind to be confirmed in the Kuiper Belt, a distant region of icy debris that extends far beyond the orbit of Neptune.
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2004 EW95 on the other hand is an exiled interloper and its new neighbourhood is packed with millions upon millions of asteroids made predominantly of rock and metal. "It looked enough of a weirdo for us to take a closer look", said Seccull.
That's the best evidence to date that the early hubbub sent objects flinging out from the center of the solar system to its edges.
The "exiled" asteroid was first noticed by Wesley Fraser, an astronomer at Queen's University Belfast in the United Kingdom, during routine observations with the Hubble Space Telescope, due to the asteroid's distinctive reflectance spectrum.
Due to the large distance, the team was having great difficulty in studying the properties of the asteroid.
"Not only is 2004 EW95 moving, it's also very faint", Seccull added.
"It's like observing a giant mountain of coal against the pitch-black canvas of the night sky", said co-author Thomas Puzia of the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile. "We had to use a pretty advanced data processing technique to get as much out of the data as possible", Seccull said.
"The discovery of a carbonaceous asteroid in the Kuiper Belt is a key verification of one of the fundamental predictions of dynamical models of the early Solar System", Hainaut said.
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