Increased Earthquake Activity Below Kīlauea Volcano Means Outbreak of Lava Possible
Hawaii County Civil Defense was activated early Tuesday because of a surge in seismic activity and ground deformation - changes in the surface of the volcano - following the collapse of the Puu Oo crater floor on the East Rift Zone.
According to an evening message from Hawai'i County Civil Defense, scientists report "continuous low magnitude quake activity along the east rift zone in lower Puna which includes Leilani Estates, Nanawale Estates, to the coastal area of Kapoho".
The tremors have been going on for days now, jarring residents, who've been reporting almost constant ground vibrations in some areas. There is a general trend of migration of seismicity eastward.
For more than a month, officials at the USGS's Hawaiian Volcano Observatory have been monitoring the inflation of Puʻu 'Ō'ō crater - located in Kilauea's East Rift Zone. Overall, the summit lava lake has shown no response to activity in the middle and lower East Rift Zone. In mid-April the observatory issued an alert when scientists noticed Puu Oo was inflating and becoming pressurized. An eruption may take place anywhere from Puʻu ʻŌʻō to beyond Kapoho to the east. As the magma continues to flow underground, the observatory warned that an outbreak of lava - which is magma that reaches Earth's surface - was possible.
"Should an eruption occur, residents along the East Rift Zone may have little warning", said Civil Defense Administrator Talmadge Magno.
"The risk areas and possible hazards are being identified".
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When the earthquakes and collapse occurred and the pressure within the Puu Oo vent was released, an "intrusion" of lava was sent into a new area of the volcano and spread throughout the night.
Volcano experts believe that a river of rising magma is flowing down toward Puna, extending east, possibly under Highway 130.
Department of Parks and Recreation has shut down the lava viewing area in Kalapana due to the proximity to the increased hazardous activity. Majority were about magnitude 2.0. "Residents in that area should be prepared to evacuate".
Scientists have installed additional Global Positioning System monitoring equipment and deployed crews to put in more monitoring tools, according to U.S. Geological Survey. Geological Survey (USGS) said Wednesday morning.
Last week, the lava lake at the volcano's summit rose and spilled over the crater edge, marking the largest lava inflation since it erupted in 2008. It continued until March 2015, when another vent opening redirected the lava flow toward the ocean. Most registered at around magnitude 2.0. During that eruption, at least 24 separate volcanic vents opened up and lava covered about 3,900 acres. "Sections of every public road to the coastline were buried by lava", Kauahikaua said.
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